Our Research
We conduct human-AI interaction research across the disciplines of computer science, HCI and design. We focus on explainability, interpretability, fairness, data visualization, human-centered AI, and ML for scientific discovery.
You can also check out our publications on Google Research.
Papers | Interactive Blog Posts and Websites
Papers
2023
Synthetic APIs: Enabling Language Models to Act as Interlocutors Between Natural Language and Code
Ryan Mullins, Michael Terry - HICSS 2023
2022
Acquisition of chess knowledge in AlphaZero
Thomas McGrath,Andrei Kapishnikov, Nenad Tomaševa, Adam Pearce, Martin Wattenberg, Demis Hassabis, Been Kim, Ulrich Paquet, and Vladimir Kramnik - PNAS
Data Cards: Purposeful and Transparent Dataset Documentation for Responsible AI
Mahima Pushkarna, Andrew Zaldivar, Oddur Kjartansson
Is Your Toxicity My Toxicity? Exploring the Impact of Rater Identity on Toxicity Annotation
Tesh Goyal, Ian Kivlichan, Rachel Rosen, Lucy Vasserman - CSCW 2022
A Systematic Review and Thematic Analysis of Community-Collaborative Approaches to Computing Research
Ned Cooper Tiffanie Horne Gillian Hayes Courtney Heldreth Michal Lahav Jess Scon Holbrook Lauren Wilcox - CHI 2022
"You have to prove the threat is real": Understanding the needs of Female Journalists and Activists to Document and Report Online Harassment.
Tesh Goyal, Leslie Park, Lucy Vasserman - CHI 2022
Whose AI Dream? In search of the aspiration in data annotation
Ding Wang, Shantanu Prabhat, Nithya Sambasivan - CHI 2022
“Because AI is 100% right and safe”: User Vulnerabilities and Sources of AI Authority in India
Shivani Kapania, Oliver Siy, Gabe Clapper, Azhagu SP, Nithya Sambasivan - CHI 2022
Deskilling of Domain Expertise in AI Development
Nithya Sambasivan, Rajesh Veeraraghavan - CHI 2022
When is ML Data Good? Datafication in Public Health in India
Divy Thakkar*, Azra Ismail*, Alex Hanna, Pratyush Kumar, Nithya Sambasivan, Neha Kumar - CHI 2022
PromptChainer: Chaining Large Language Model Prompts through Visual Programming
Tongshuang Wu, Ellen Jiang, Aaron Donsbach, Jeff Gray, Alejandra Molina, Michael Terry, Carrie J Cai - CHI 2022
AI Chains: Transparent and Controllable Human-AI Interaction by Chaining Large Language Model Prompts
Tongshuang Wu, Michael Terry, Carrie J Cai - CHI 2022
Discovering the Syntax and Strategies of Natural Language Programming with Generative Language Models
Ellen Jiang, Edwin Toh, Alejandra Molina, Kristen Olson, Claire Kayacik, Aaron Donsbach, Carrie J Cai, Michael Terry - CHI 2022
Prompt-based Prototyping with Large Language Models
Ellen Jiang, Kristen Olson, Edwin Toh, Alejandra Molina, Aaron Donsbach, Michael Terry, Carrie J Cai - CHI 2022
Wordcraft: Story Writing With Large Language Models
Ann Yuan, Andy Coenen, Emily Reif, Daphne Ippolito - IUI 2022
IMACS: Image Model Attribution Comparison Summaries
Eldon Schoop, Ben Wedin, Andrei Kapishnikov, Tolga Bolukbasi, Michael Terry - arXiv 2022
SynthBio: A Case Study in Faster Curation of Text Datasets
Ann Yuan, Daphne Ippolito, Vitaly Nikolaev, Chris Callison-Burch, Andy Coenen, Sebastian Gehrmann - NeurIPS Datasets and Benchmarks
DISSECT: Disentangled Simultaneous Explanations via Concept Traversals
Asma Ghandeharioun, Been Kim, Chun-Liang Li, Brendan Jou, Brian Eoff, Rosalind W. Picard - ICLR 2022
2021
A Recipe For Arbitrary Text Style Transfer with Large Language Models
Emily Reif, Daphne Ippolito, Ann Yuan, Andy Coenen, Chris Callison-Burch, Jason Wei - ICLR 2022
Guided Integrated Gradients: An Adaptive Path Method for Removing Noise
Andrei Kapishnikov, Subhashini Venugopalan, Besim Avci, Ben Wedin, Michael Terry, Tolga Bolukbasi - CVPR 2021
Designerly Tele-Experiences: a New Approach to Remote Yet Still Situated Co-Design
Ferran Altarriba Bertran, Alexandra Pometko, Muskan Gupta, Lauren Wilcox, Reeta Banerjee, Katherine Isbister - TOCHI
Specialized Healthsheet for Healthcare Datasets
Negar Rostamzadeh, Subhrajit Roy, Diana Mincu, Andrew Smart, Lauren Wilcox, Mahima Pushkarna, Razvan Amironesei, Jessica Schrouff, Madeleine Elish, Nyalleng Moorosi, Berk Ustun, Noah Broesti, Katherine Heller: - ML4Health 2021
GenLine and GenForm: Two Tools for Interacting with Generative Language Models in a Code Editor
Ellen Jiang, Edwin Toh, Alejandra Molina, Aaron Donsbach, Carrie Cai, Michael Terry - UIST 2021
Isolation in Coordination: Challenges of Caregivers in the USA.
Mark Schurgin, Mark Schlager, Laura Vardoulakis, Laura Pina, Lauren Wilcox - CHI 2021
Program Synthesis with Large Language Models
Jacob Austin, Augustus Odena, Maxwell Nye, Maarten Bosma, Henryk Michalewski, David Dohan, Ellen Jiang, Carrie Cai, Michael Terry, Quoc Le, Charles Sutton - arXiv 2021
Re-imagining Algorithmic Fairness in India and Beyond
Nithya Sambasivan, Erin Arnesen, Ben Hutchinson, Tulsee Doshi, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran - FaacT 2021
Civil rephrases of toxic texts with self-supervised transformers
L Laugier, I Pavlopoulos, J Sorensen, L Dixon - EACL 2021
Augmenting the User-Item Graph with Textual Similarity Models
Federico López, Martin Scholz, Jessica Yung, Marie Pellat, Michael Strube, Lucas Dixon - arxiv
Breakdowns and Breakthroughs: Observing Musicians' Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Carrie Cai, Michelle Carney, Nida Zada, Michael Terry - CHI 2021
AI as Social Glue: Uncovering the Roles of Deep Generative AI during Social Music Composition
Mia Suh, Emily Youngbloom, Michael Terry, Carrie Cai - CHI 2021
Onboarding Materials as Cross-functional Boundary Objects for Developing AI Assistants
Cai, Winter, Steiner, Wilcox, Terry - CHI 2021
2020
Evaluating Attribution for Graph Neural Networks
Sanchez-Lengeling, Wei, Lee, Reif, Wang, Qian, McCloskey, Colwell, Wiltschko - NeurIPS 2020
The Language Interpretability Tool: Interactive Exploration, Explanation, and Counterfactual Analysis of NLP models
Tenney, Wexler, Bastings, Bolukbasi, Coenen, Gehrmann, Jiang, Pushkarna, Radebaugh, Reif, Yuan - EMNLP 2020
Non-portability of Algorithmic Fairness in India
Sambasivan, Arnesen, Hutchinson, Prabhakaran - NeurIPS 2020 workshop
Six Attributes of Unhealthy Conversation
I Price, J Gifford-Moore, J Flemming, S Musker, M Roichman, G Sylvain, L Dixon - WOAH 2020 workshop paper
Artificial intelligence assistance improves Gleason grading of prostate needle core biopsies
David F. Steiner, Kunal Nagpal, Rory Sayres, Davis J. Foote, Benjamin D. Wedin, Adam Pearce, Carrie J. Cai, Samantha R. Winter, Matthew Symonds, Liron Yatziv, Andrei Kapishnikov, Trissia Brown, Isabelle Flament-Auvigne, Fraser Tan, Martin C. Stumpe, Pan-Pan Jiang, Yun Liu, Po-Hsuan Cameron Chen, Greg S. Corrado, Michael Terry, Craig H. Mermel - JAMA Open Network 2020
Evaluation of the Use of Combined Artificial Intelligence and Pathologist Assessment to Review and Grade Prostate Biopsies.
Steiner, Nagpal, Sayres, Foote, Wedin, Pearce, Cai, Winter, Symonds, Yatziv, Kapishnikov, Brown, Flament, Tan, Stumpe, Jiang, Liu, Chen, Corrado, Terry, Mermel - JAMA Open Network 2020
Debugging Tests for Model Explanations
Julius Adebayo, Michael Muelly, Ilaria Liccardi, Been Kim - NeurIPS / WHI 2020
Beyond the Portal: Re-imagining the Post-pandemic Future of Work
Thakkar, Kumar, Sambasivan - ACM interactions 27(6) 2020
AI Song Contest: Human-AI Co-Creation in Songwriting
Cheng-Zhi Anna Huang, Hendrik Vincent Koops, Ed Newton-Rex, Monica Dinculescu, Carrie J. Cai - ISMIR 2020
On the Making and Breaking of Social Music Improvisation during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Carrie J. Cai, Michael Terry - New Future of Work Symposium 2020
Concept Bottleneck Models
Pang Wei Koh, Thao Nguyen, Yew Siang Tang, Stephen Mussmann, Emma Pierson, Been Kim, Percy Liang - ICML 2020
Neural Networks Trained on Natural Scenes Exhibit Gestalt Closure
Kim, Reif, Wattenberg, Bengio, Mozer - Computational Brain & Behavior
Toxicity Detection: Does Context Really Matter?
Pavlopoulos, Sorensen, Dixon, Thain, Androutsopoulos - ACL 2020
Towards an AI-powered Future that Works for Vocational Workers
Thakkar, Kumar, Sambasivan - CHI 2020
Classifying Constructive Comments
Kolhatkar, Thain, Sorensen, Dixon, Taboada - Special Issue Journal, WWW, ALW, 2020
On Completeness-aware Concept-Based Explanations in Deep Neural Networks
Chih-Kuan Yeh, Been Kim, Sercan O. Arik, Chun-Liang Li, Tomas Pfister, Pradeep Ravikumar - NeurIPS 2020
What does BERT dream of? Deep Dreaming with BERT.
Alex Bäuerle, James Wexler
Expert Discussions Improve Comprehension of Difficult Cases in Medical Image Assessment
Mike Shaekerman, Carrie Cai, Abigail Huang, Rory Sayres - CHI
Novice-AI Music Co-Creation via AI-Steering Tools for Deep Generative Nets
Ryan Louie, Andy Coenen, Anna Huang, Michael Terry, Carrie Cai - CHI
2019
AI in Nigeria
Courtney Heldreth, Fernanda Viégas, Titi Akinsanmi, Diana Akrong
A Benchmark for Interpretability Methods in Deep Neural Networks
Sara Hooker, Dumitru Erhan, Pieter-Jan Kindermans, Been Kim - NeurIPS
"Hello AI": Uncovering the Onboarding Needs of Medical Practitioners for Human-AI Collaborative Decision-Making
Carrie J. Cai, Samantha Winter, David Steiner, Lauren Wilcox, Michael Terry - CSCW
Human Evaluation of Models Built for Interpretability
Isaac Lage, Emily Chen, Jeffrey He, Menaka Narayanan, Been Kim, Samuel Gershman and Finale Doshi-Velez - HCOMP
Software Developers Learning Machine Learning: Motivations, Hurdles, and Desires
Carrie J. Cai, Philip J. Guo - VLHCC
Debiasing Embeddings for Reduced Gender Bias in Text Classification
Flavien Prost, Nithum Thain, Tolga Bolukbasi - ACL
BIM: Towards Quantitative Evaluation of Interpretability Methods with Ground Truth
Mengjiao Yang, Been Kim
Building SMILY: a Human-centric, Similar-image Search Tool for Pathology
Narayan Hegde, Carrie J. Cai
The Bach Doodle: Approachable music composition with machine learning at scale
Cheng-Zhi Anna Huang, Curtis Hawthorne, Adam Roberts, Monica Dinculescu, James Wexler, Leon Hong, Jacob Howcroft
The What-If Tool: Interactive Probing of Machine Learning Models
James Wexler, Mahima Pushkarna, Tolga Bolukbasi, Martin Wattenberg, Fernanda Viégas, Jimbo Wilson - VAST
Similar Image Search for Histopathology: SMILY
Narayan Hegde, Jason D. Hipp, Yun Liu, Michael Emmert-Buck, Emily Reif, Daniel Smilkov, Michael Terry, Carrie J. Cai, Mahul B. Amin, Craig H. Mermel, Phil Q. Nelson, Lily H. Peng, Greg S. Corrado, Martin C. Stumpe - Nature
XRAI: Better Attributions Through Regions
Andrei Kapishnikov, Tolga Bolukbasi, Fernanda Viégas, Michael Terry - ICCV 2019
Visualizing and Measuring the Geometry of BERT
Andy Coenen, Emily Reif, Ann Yuan, Been Kim, Adam Pearce, Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg - NeurIPS
Do Neural Networks Show Gestalt Phenomena? An Exploration of the Law of Closure
Been Kim, Emily Reif, Martin Wattenberg, Samy Bengio
The Effects of Example-based Explanations in a Machine Learning Interface
Carrie J Cai, Jonas Jongejan, Jess Holbrook - IUI
Human-Centered Tools for Coping with Imperfect Algorithms during Medical Decision-Making
Carrie J. Cai, Emily Reif, Narayan Hegde, Jason Hipp, Been Kim, Daniel Smilkov, Martin Wattenberg, Fernanda Viégas, Greg S. Corrado, Martin C. Stumpe, Michael Terry - CHI
Towards Automatic Concept-based Explanations
Amirata Ghorbani, James Wexler, James Zou, Been Kim - NeurIPS
Tensorflow.js: Machine learning for the web and beyond
Daniel Smilkov, Nikhil Thorat, Yannick Assogba, Ann Yuan, Nick Kreeger, Ping Yu, Kangyi Zhang, Shanqing Cai, Eric Nielsen, David Soergel, Stan Bileschi, Michael Terry, Charles Nicholson, Sandeep N. Gupta, Sarah Sirajuddin, D. Sculley, Rajat Monga, Greg Corrado, Fernanda B. Viégas, Martin Wattenberg - SysML
2018
Interpreting Black Box Predictions using Fisher Kernels
Rajiv Khanna, Been Kim, Joydeep Ghosh, Oluwasanmi Koyejo - AISTATS
ClinicalVis: Supporting Clinical Task-Focused Design Evaluation
Marzyeh Ghassemi, Mahima Pushkarna, James Wexler, Jesse Johnson, Paul Varghese
Sanity Checks for Saliency Maps
Julius Adebayo, Justin Gilmer, Michael Muelly, Ian Goodfellow, Moritz Hardt, Been Kim - NeurIPS
GAN Lab: Understanding Complex Deep Generative Models using Interactive Visual Experimentation
Minsuk Kahng, Nikhil Thorat, Duen Horng Chau, Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg - VAST
Deep learning of aftershock patterns following large earthquakes
Phoebe M. R. DeVries, Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg & Brendan J. Meade - Nature
To Trust Or Not To Trust A Classifier
Heinrich Jiang, Been Kim, Melody Y. Guan, Maya Gupta - NeurIPS
Human-in-the-Loop Interpretability Prior
Isaac Lage, Andrew Slavin Ross, Been Kim, Samuel J. Gershman, Finale Doshi-Velez - NeurIPS
Scalable and accurate deep learning with electronic health records
Alvin Rajkomar, Eyal Oren, Kai Chen, Andrew M. Dai, Nissan Hajaj, Michaela Hardt, Peter J. Liu, Xiaobing Liu, Jake Marcus, Mimi Sun, Patrik Sundberg, Hector Yee, Kun Zhang, Yi Zhang, Gerardo Flores, Gavin E. Duggan, Jamie Irvine, Quoc Le, Kurt Litsch, Alexander Mossin, Justin Tansuwan, De Wang, James Wexler, Jimbo Wilson, Dana Ludwig, Samuel L. Volchenboum, Katherine Chou, Michael Pearson, Srinivasan Madabushi, Nigam H. Shah, Atul J. Butte, Michael D. Howell, Claire Cui, Greg S. Corrado & Jeffrey Dean - Nature
2017
Interpretability Beyond Feature Attribution: Quantitative Testing with Concept Activation Vectors (TCAV)
Been Kim, Martin Wattenberg, Justin Gilmer, Carrie Cai, James Wexler, Fernanda Viégas, Rory Sayres
Direct-Manipulation Visualization of Deep Networks
Daniel Smilkov, Shan Carter, D. Sculley, Fernanda B. Viégas, Martin Wattenberg
SmoothGrad: removing noise by adding noise
Daniel Smilkov, Nikhil Thorat, Been Kim, Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg
Visualizing Dataflow Graphs of Deep Learning Models in TensorFlow
Kanit Wongsuphasawat, Daniel Smilkov, James Wexler, Jimbo Wilson, Dandelion Mane, Doug Fritz, Dilip Krishnan, Fernanda B. Viégas, and Martin Wattenberg - IEEE TVCG
What Is Better Than Coulomb Failure Stress? A Ranking of Scalar Static Stress Triggering Mechanisms from 105 Mainshock-Aftershock Pairs
Brendan J. Meade, Phoebe M. R. DeVries, Jeremy Faller, Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg - Geophysical Research Letters
2016
Interactive Visualization of Spatially Amplified GNSS Time-Series Position Fields
Brendan J. Meade, William T. Freeman, James Wilson, Fernanda Viégas, and Martin Wattenberg
Embedding Projector: Interactive Visualization and Interpretation of Embeddings
Daniel Smilkov, Nikhil Thorat, Charles Nicholson, Emily Reif, Fernanda B. Viégas, Martin Wattenberg - NeurIPS
Google's Multilingual Neural Machine Translation System: Enabling Zero-Shot Translation
Melvin Johnson, Mike Schuster, Quoc V. Le, Maxim Krikun, Yonghui Wu, Zhifeng Chen, Nikhil Thorat, Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg, Greg Corrado, Macduff Hughes, Jeffrey Dean - ACL
TensorFlow: Large-Scale Machine Learning on Heterogeneous Distributed Systems
Martín Abadi, Ashish Agarwal, Paul Barham, Eugene Brevdo, Zhifeng Chen, Craig Citro, Greg S. Corrado, Andy Davis, Jeffrey Dean, Matthieu Devin, Sanjay Ghemawat, Ian Goodfellow, Andrew Harp, Geoffrey Irving, Michael Isard, Yangqing Jia, Rafal Jozefowicz, Lukasz Kaiser, Manjunath Kudlur, Josh Levenberg, Dan Mane, Rajat Monga, Sherry Moore, Derek Murray, Chris Olah, Mike Schuster, Jonathon Shlens, Benoit Steiner, Ilya Sutskever, Kunal Talwar, Paul Tucker, Vincent Vanhoucke, Vijay Vasudevan, Fernanda Viégas, Oriol Vinyals, Pete Warden, Martin Wattenberg, Martin Wicke, Yuan Yu, Xiaoqiang Zheng
2014
Visualizing Statistical Mix Effects and Simpson's Paradox
Zan Armstrong, Martin Wattenberg - IEEE InfoVis
2013
Ad Click Prediction: a View from the Trenches
H. Brendan McMahan, Gary Holt, D. Sculley, Michael Young, Dietmar Ebner, Julian Grady, Lan Nie, Todd Phillips, Eugene Davydov, Daniel Golovin, Sharat Chikkerur, Dan Liu, Martin Wattenberg, Arnar Mar Hrafnkelsson, Tom Boulos, Jeremy Kubica - ACM SIGKDD
Google+Ripples: a native visualization of information flow
Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg, Jack Hebert, Geoffrey Borggaard, Alison Cichowlas, Jonathan Feinberg, Jon Orwant, Christopher Wren - WWW
2012
Through the looking glass: talking about the world with visualization
Fernanda Viégas & Martin Wattenberg - ACM
2011
Luscious
Fernanda Viégas & Martin Wattenberg
2010
Beautiful History: Visualizing Wikipedia
Fernanda Viégas & Martin Wattenberg
Interactive blogposts and websites
Ground Truth: Supporting Farmers with Machine Learning
Courtney Heldreth, Diana Akrong
Collecting Sensitive Information
Adam Pearce, Ellen Jiang
Why some models leak data
Adam Pearce, Ellen Jiang
Participatory Machine Learning
Fernanda Viegas, Jess Holbrook, Martin Wattenberg
Measuring Fairness
Adam Pearce
Hidden Bias
Adam Pearce
Explore COVID-19 Symptoms Search Trends
Adam Pearce
Communicating Model Uncertainty Over Space
Adam Pearce
Depth Predictions in Art
Ellen Jiang, Emily Reif, Been Kim
Understanding UMAP
Andy Coenen, Adam Pearce
Language, Context, and Geometry in Neural Networks, Part II
Andy Coenen, Emily Reif, Ann Yuan, Been Kim, Adam Pearce, Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg
Language, Context, and Geometry in Neural Networks, Part I
Andy Coenen, Emily Reif, Ann Yuan, Been Kim, Adam Pearce, Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg
The Bach Doodle: Celebrating Johann Sebastian Bach
Cheng-Zhi Anna Huang, Curtis Hawthorne, Adam Roberts, Monica Dinculescu, James Wexler, Leon Hong, Jacob Howcroft
See how the world draws
Reena Jana, Josh Lovejoy,
How to Use t-SNE Effectively
Martin Wattenberg, Fernanda Viégas, Ian Johnson - Distill
Attacking discrimination with smarter machine learning
Martin Wattenberg, Fernanda Viégas, Moritz Hardt
Design and Redesign in Data Visualization
Fernanda Viégas, Martin Wattenberg
